CI

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Hugo Neighborhood Association & Historical Society

Home Up Outreach Appendices NEPA Press Studies Presentations MALPSS PSS Grants Pass Budgets Courts CI

CITIZEN INVOLVEMENT

IN JOSEPHINE COUNTY BUDGET PROCESS

Outline

I. BUDGET PROCESS
II. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN BUDGETING REFERENCES
I. BUDGET PROCESS (for links, see web page: "Budgets: Josephine County, Oregon")

Local Budget Law

Oregon Department of Revenue
https://www.oregon.gov/DOR/programs/property/Pages/local-budget.aspx

Finance, Taxation and Exemptions Unit
Oregon Department of Revenue (ODR)
P.O. Box 14380
Salem OR 97309-5075
Email: finance.taxation@oregon.gov
Communications

• August 19, 2014. Josephine County (JO CO) Management Team’s Recommendation on Strengthening County Services (see JO CO Management Team’s recommendations at minutes of March 7, 2016 between JO CO Management Team and Hugo Justice System & Public Safety Services (JS&PSS) Exploratory Committee (Exploratory Committee), Hugo Neighborhood Association & Historical Society (HNAHS), that follow, and at Studies & Information and Opinion web page http://www.hugoneighborhood.org/JSPSS_Studies.htm.

• January 20, 2016 Letter/Email to Josephine County Management Team, including Arthur O’Hare, Finance Director, JO CO Finance Department, From Committee. Pages 2. Subject: Share Information About JO CO’s JS&PSS Problem/Issue. O’Hare never had time for an individual meeting.

• March 7, 2016 Josephine County Management Team Meeting With Exploratory Committee January 20, 2016 Invitation to JO CO Management Team Members (O’Hare did not attend) Minutes of March 7, 2016 Meeting (see web page: Budgets: Josephine County, Oregon for information on invitations and minutes. http://www.hugoneighborhood.org/budgets.htm).
• June 10, 2016 Letter to Oregon Department of Revenue from Exploratory Committee on Clarifying Oregon Local Budget Law. Pages 7. No response from ODR.

• September 23, 2016 Letter to Arthur O'Hare, Josephine County Budget Officer, and Josephine County Budget Committee from Exploratory Committee on Requesting a Meeting to Clarify the JO CO Budget Process. Pages 9 (copies: Oregon Department of Revenue ( ODR), Josephine County (JO CO) Board of County Commissionres (BCC) members are part of the Josephine County Budget Committee (JOCOBC); all JO CO elected officials; JO CO Management Team (JOCOMT); and The Grants Pass Daily Courier (TGPDC)).

• September 23, 2016 Email From Arthur O'Hare, Josephine County Budget Officer, to Exploratory Committee on Exploratory Committee's Request for Meeting to Clarify the JO CO Budget Process. Pages - 1 paragraph. O'Hare's response to the meeting request follows.

"Mike – you are requesting a meeting with me and with the Budget Committee in order to discuss various aspects of the budget process. That is really a decision of the Board of Commissioners for both me individually and for calling together the Budget Committee. I will need to check with them regarding your request and will get back to you when I have more information. Thanks. Arthur O’Hare, Finance Director, Josephine County, Oregon"

• December 12, 2016 Letter/Email to Oregon Department of Revenue from Exploratory Committee on Clarifying Oregon Local Budget Law. Pages - 9. No response from ODR.

• November 4, 2017 Letter/Email to They Report to You, ACLU of Oregon from Exploratory Committee Chair. Purpose is to engage voters in JO CO’s "Justice System & Public Safety Services" (JS&PSS) issue through a transparent local budget process with effective citizen education and citizen involvement (CI) opportunities, including engagement with all elected and appointed officials responsible for public safety services (PSS). Pages - 5.

Attachment 1. September 30, 2015 Letter/Email to Ryan Mulkins, JO CO District Attorney, From Committee. Subject: Share Information About JO CO’s JS&PSS Problem/Issue

Attachment 2. March 28, 2016 Letter/Email to Ryan Mulkins, JO CO District Attorney, From Committee. Subject: Learn About JO CO District Attorney’s Office’s Budget Program

Attachment 3. June 14, 2016 Letter/Email to Ryan Mulkins, JO CO District Attorney, From Committee. Subject: June 8, 2016 Meeting Minutes Between Committee and JO CO District Attorney

Attachment 4. September 23, 2016 Letter/Email to Arthur O’Hare, Budget Officer, JO CO Budget Committee. O’Hare is also the Finance Director, JO CO Finance Department. From Committee. Subject: Share Information About JO CO’s Budget Process & JS&PSS Problem/Issue (above).

• November 11, 2017 Email/Letter to Oregon Department of Revenue from Exploratory Committee on Clarifying Oregon Local Budget Law. Pages - 62. (copies: JO CO BCC’s members are part of the Josephine County Budget Committee, which also includes Arthur O'Hare, JO CO Budget Officer; all JO CO elected officials; JO CO Management Team, includes Arthur O'Hare, JO CO Budget Officer; and The Grants Pass Daily Courier).

•   To Nia Ray, Director, Oregon Department of Revenue (ODR)

•   To Kris Kautz, Deputy Director, ODR

•   To Gary Humphrey, Administrator, Property Tax Division, Including Local Budget Law, ODR

•   To Danette Benjamin, Finance, Taxation & Exemptions Analyst, ODR

Subject to the November 11, 2017 Email/Letter: Request for Assistance in Interpreting & Understanding Oregon Local Budget Law (LBL) & Request for Oregon Department of Revenue (ODR) to Review That Josephine County (JO CO) Prepared & Administered its Budget According to LBL That All Local Governments Use Uniform Processes & Formats Prescribed by ODR

"This is a continuing request to ODR for assistance in interpreting and understanding Oregon LBL. Quite frankly your department’s response to our previous requests for help since the summer of 2016 have not been much of value."

"The first formal written testimony to ODR requesting assistance on the interpretation of Oregon LBL was June 10, 2016. The ODR never responded to this letter. It did respond to our November 26, 2016 letter with two short paragraphs of questions instead of clarifying answers. What it did not respond to spoke volumes, and on December 12, 2016 we tried again with no response from ODR. This most recent November 11, 2017 letter to the ODR from the Committee has the same goal of assisting citizens interpret and clarify LBL. This communication’s catalyst was an article, "Introducing They Report To You" in the ACLU of Oregon’s fall 2017 newsletter. Of particularly interest was the overlap between the issues of the "They Report to You" ACLU of Oregon and the Committee. The issues for They Report to You were a lack of transparency and the need for creating accountability standards for the purpose of reforming Oregon’s criminal justice system. These issues overlapped with the Committee’s purpose to improve the JO CO JS&PSS system through transparency in the JO CO budget process, including CI, and citizen education, including engagement with elected and appointed officials responsible for public safety in the budget process, and a grant for a public safety study."

Attachments to the November 11, 2017 Email/Letter to the ODF from Exploratory Committee on Clarifying Oregon Local Budget Law

Attachment 1. December 12, 2016 Letter/Email to Oregon Department of Revenue from Exploratory Committee on Clarifying Oregon Local Budget Law.

Attachment 2. September 23, 2016 Letter to Arthur O'Hare, Josephine County Budget Officer, and Josephine County Budget Committee from Exploratory Committee on Requesting a Meeting to Clarify the JO CO Budget Process.

Attachment 3. November 4, 2017 Letter to They Report to You, ACLU of Oregon From Mike Walker, Chair, JS&PSS Exploratory Committee, Hugo Neighborhood Association & Historical Society.

Attachment 4. Chapter IV. Budget Process Brainstorming Questions from Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process (Appendix E).

Copies of the November 11, 2017 Email/Letter to the ODF from Exploratory Committee on Clarifying Oregon Local Budget Law were sent to the following.

Josephine County Board of County Commissioners

• Simon Hare, Chair

• Lilly Morgan, Vice-Chair

• Dan DeYoung, Commissioner

Other Josephine County Elected Officials

• Dave Daniel, Sheriff, Josephine County Sheriff's Office, Josephine County

• Ryan Mulkins, District Attorney, Josephine County

• Connie Roach, Assessor, Josephine County

• Rhiannon Henkels, County Clerk & Recorder, Josephine County

• Peter Allen, Surveyor, Josephine County

• Eve Arce, Treasurer, Josephine County

• Wally Hicks, Legal Counsel, Josephine County

Josephine County Management Team

• JO CO Management Team, c/o Rob Brandes, Director, JO CO Public Works Department

• Nate Gaoiran, Director JO CO Community Corrections

• Cherryl Walker, Interim Public Health Director, JO CO Public Health Department

• Julie A. Schmelzer, Community Development Director, JO CO Planning Office

• James C. Black, Planner III, JO CO Planning Office

• Sarah Wright, Parks Director JO CO County Parks Department

• Jim Goodwin, Director JO CO Juvenile Justice

• Larry Graves, Manager JO CO Airports

• David Streeter, Forestry Timber Manager JO CO Forestry (no email, sent to JO CO BCC)

• Ryan Johnson, JO CO Building Operations Manager

• Connie Roach, Assessor JO CO Assessor’s Office

• Arthur O’Hare, Finance Director JO CO Finance Department

• Robert Rice, Building Safety Director, JO CO

• Lisa Pickart, Program Manager JO CO Veterans Service Office

Josephine County Budget Committee c/o JO CO Budget Officer (Arthur O’Hare, Finance Director JO CO Finance Department)

State of Oregon

• Oregon Governor, Kate Brown.

• Dennis Richardson, Oregon Secretary of State, Public Records Administrator

• Ellen F. Rosenblum, Oregon Attorney General, Oregon Department of Justice

Transparency Oregon Advisory Commission

• Senator Richard Devlin, Chair, Transparency Oregon Advisory Commission

• Representative Julie Fahey, Member, Transparency Oregon Advisory Commission

• Representative Gene Whisnant, Member, Transparency Oregon Advisory Commission

• Senator Kim Thatcher, Member, Transparency Oregon Advisory Commission

• Thomas E. Fuller, Member, Transparency Oregon Advisory Commission

• Mr. Brian DeForest, Member, Transparency Oregon Advisory Commission

• Ms. Theresa McHugh, Member, Transparency Oregon Advisory Commission

• Mr. Michael Marsh, Member, Transparency Oregon Advisory Commission

Educational Facilities

Rural Studies Program, Oregon State University

• Bruce Weber, Director, Rural Studies Program, Oregon State University

• Richard Sandler, Rural Studies Program Coordinator, Oregon State University

• Brent Steel, Professor, Rural Studies Program, Oregon State University

Rogue Community College

• Henry Wisniewski, Faculty, Social Science & Human Services Department

Organizations

• Jay Meredith, President, Securing Our Safety, Inc.

• They Report To You, ACLU of Oregon

The Grants Pass Daily Courier

• Scott Stoddard, Editor, The Grants Pass Daily Courier

• Jeff Duewel, Reporter, The Grants Pass Daily Courier

• Shaun Hall, Reporter, The Grants Pass Daily Courier

• November 22, 2017 Email/Letter Response From Oregon Department of Revenue to Exploratory Committee’s November 11, 2017 Email/Letter on Clarifying Oregon Local Budget Law. Pages 5.

OCTOBER 2016. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN THE JOSEPHINE COUNTY BUDGET PROCESS
• October 2016 Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process Walker, Mike; Whalen, Jon, Members of Hugo Justice System & Public Safety Services Exploratory Committee, HNA&HS. October 2016. Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process. Hugo Neighborhood Association & Historical Society. Hugo, OR.
• October 2016. Chapter V: Elements And Components Of Citizen Participation In Budgeting Process
Walker, Mike & Jon Whalen. October 2016. Chapter V: Elements And Components Of Citizen Participation In Budgeting Process, Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process. For Hugo Justice System & Public Safety Services Exploratory Committee, Hugo Neighborhood Association & Historical Society. Hugo, OR. • October 2016 Appendices For Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process Walker, Mike; Whalen, Jon, Members of Hugo Justice System & Public Safety Services Exploratory Committee, HNA&HS. October 2016. Appendices For Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process. Hugo Neighborhood Association & Historical Society. Hugo, OR.
NOVEMBER 2016. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN THE JOSEPHINE COUNTY BUDGET PROCESS

• Walker, Mike; Whalen, Jon, Members of Hugo Justice System & Public Safety Services Exploratory Committee, HNA&HS. Draft November 2016. Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process. Hugo, OR.

There are nine chapters to the draft evolving Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process (i.e., I - IX, including acronyms/abbreviations, appendices (including a bibliography), and a glossary.

November 2016. Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process
I.       Introduction/Purpose, including Acronyms/Abbreviations
II.     Oregon Local Budget Law Excerpts
III.    Excerpts from Josephine County Budgets: FY 2006-07 to FY 2016-17
IV.    Budget Process Brainstorming Questions
V.     Analysis: Elements and Components of Citizen Participation in Budgeting Process
VI.    Josephine County Budget Process Issues
VII.   Citizen Involvement/Citizen Participation Program & Budget Process Recommendations
VIII. Budget Process Conclusions
IX.    Summary & Conclusions
         Appendices
         Glossary
• June 2016 Oregon Revised Statutes: 294.305 to 294.565 (Oregon Local Budget Law) - Full Text
Walker, Mike; Whalen, Jon, Members of Hugo Justice System & Public Safety Services Exploratory Committee, HNA&HS. June 21, 2016. Oregon Revised Statutes: 294.305 to 294.565. Hugo, OR.
• June 2016 Oregon Administrative Rules: 150-294.175 to 150-294.920 (Oregon Local Budget ) - Full Text
Walker, Mike; Whalen, Jon, Members of Hugo Justice System & Public Safety Services Exploratory Committee, HNA&HS. June 21, 2016. Oregon Administrative Rules: 150-294.175 to 150-294.920. Hugo, OR.

Local budget law training handouts (TH)

TH1. Training PowerPoint.
TH2. Sample budget (Office document - go to ODR web page).
TH3. Statutory references.
TH4. Budget committee and pre-meetings.
TH5. Changes after adoption.
TH6. Glossary.
TH7. Property tax worksheet (Office document - go to ODR web page).

Other resources (OR)

OR1. The Local Budgeting Manual, 150-504-420.
OR2 . Local Budgeting in Oregon, 150-504-400
OR3.   Administrative rules, see chapters 294 and 310.

•   Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR): Division 294, Local Budget
(http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/pages/rules/oars_100/oar_150/150_294.html).
•   Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR): Division 310, Levy of Property Tax; Tax Reduction Programs (http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/pages/rules/oars_100/oar_150/150_310.html).
•   Oregon Revised Statues (ORS) 294, Chapter 294. County and Municipal Financial Administration (http://www.oregonlaws.org/ors/chapter/294).
•   Oregon Revised Statues (ORS) 310, Chapter 310. Property Tax Rates and Amounts; Tax Limitations; Tax Reduction Programs (http://www.oregonlaws.org/ors/chapter/310).

II. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN BUDGETING REFERENCES

A. Budgeting Reference Links

• AMANS, NSMFC, and FMCBC. 2006. Performance Management: Using Performance Measurement for Decision Making. Financial Management Capacity Building Committee (FMCBC) Recommended Practice: Performance Management: Using Performance Measurement for Decision Making. Association of Municipal Administrators of Nova Scotia (AMANS); Nova Scotia Municipal Finance Corporation (NSMFC); Financial Management Capacity Building Committee (FMCBC).
• AMANS, NSMFC, and FMCBC. 2008. Budgeting for Results and Outcomes. Financial Management Capacity Building Committee (FMCBC) Recommended Practice: Budgeting for Results and Outcomes. Original Budgeting for Results and Outcomes was developed in 2007 by the Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA).
• Air Resources Board, CA EPA. 2005. Lets Clear The Air: A Public Participation Guide to Air Quality Decision Making in California. Sacramento, CA.
• Andr�, Pierre. with the collaboration of P. Martin and G. Lanmafankpotin (2012). "Citizen Participation," in L. C�t� and J.-F. Savard (eds.), Encyclopedic Dictionary of Public Administration, [online], www.dictionnaire.enap.ca
• Arnstein, S. 2007. "A Ladder of Citizen Participation." In R. L. Stout, The City Reader (pp. 233-244). London and New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
• Arnstein, Sherry R. July 1969. "A Ladder of Citizen Participation," JAIP, Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 216-224.
• Association of Oregon Counties (AOC). June 2005. County Home Rule in Oregon. Prepared by Tollenaar and Associates AOC. Salem, OR.
• Association of Oregon Counties (AOC). March 4, 2015. Measure 91 and Local Control. Memorandum To: Mike McCauley, Executive Director, League of Oregon Cities & Mike McArthur, Executive Director, Association of Oregon Counties; From: Sean O’Day, General Counsel, League of Oregon Cities, Katherine Thomas, Assistant General Counsel, League of Oregon Cities, & Rob Bovett, Legal Counsel, Association of Oregon Counties.
• Bassler, Allan; Kathy Brasier; Neal Fogle; and Ron Taverno. April 2008. Developing Effective Citizen Engagement: A How-To Guide for Community Leaders. Pennsylvania State University Cooperative Extension, sponsored by the Center for Rural Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, PA.
• Berner, Maureen. "Citizen Participation in Local Government Budgeting. Popular Government (2001): 23-30.
• Bovaird, T. 2007. Beyond Engagement and Participation: User and Community Coproduction of Public Services. Public Administration Review, 67(5), 846-860
• Bovaird, Tony; Loeffler, Elke. October 2012. We’re all in this together: User and community co-production of public outcomes. A Discussion Paper. University of Birmingham and Governance International.
• Bond. Deborah. "Budgeting Basics: A look at the budget process, common elements and current law." Local Focus (Jan 2015). For League of Oregon Cities. Salem, OR. http://www.orcities.org/Publications/LocalFocus.
• Brown, Annabelle, Joanna Dalke, Alexa Derman, Albert Lam, Emily Muller, Luke Petersen, Jennifer Thomas. Summer 2001. Governmental Best Practices. Product of a Portland State University Capstone class taught summer 2001. Portland, OR.
• City of Eugene, Oregon’s Budget Committee https://www.eugene-or.gov/1154/Budget-Committee
• City of Eugene Budget Committee. Sept 2013. Agenda Eugene Budget Committee Meeting (Timeline, Process and Goals for Budget Committee Meetings & Community Meetings Plan). City of Eugene. Eugene, OR.
• City of Milwaukie. 2012. Proposed 2013-2014 Budget Q & A as of May 10, 2012. Budget Committee Meeting Minuets, 25 pages not counting attachments. Milwaukie, OR.
• City of West Linn. 2009. FY 2009 - City of West Linn, Oregon: GFOA Detailed Criteria Location Guide. West Linn, OR.
• City of Sandy. 2008(?). The Aikido Budget Manual. The Budget Process Developed by the City of Sandy, Oregon. Sandy, OR.
• City of Woodburn Administration. April 2016. Budgeting Process Explained. City of Woodburn. Woodburn, OR.
• Clackamas County Budget Committee. June 2015. Clackamas County, Oregon FY 2015-16: Executive Summary of Adopted Budget. Clackamas, OR.
• Clewett, Laurie. August 2006 "Reality Check in Rural America," State News. The Council of State Governments. Lexington, Ky. www.csg.org.
• Coe�en, Stephen P. 1981. Public Service Delivery in Rural Places. Coe�en, Associate Professor of Economics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Mass. September 1981. Rural Development Perspectives.
• Curristine, Teresa; Zsuzsanna Lonti and Isabelle Joumard. 2007. Improving Public Sector Efficiency: Challenges and Opportunities. ISSN 1608-7143, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Journal on Budgeting, Volume 7 – No. 1.
• Ebdon, Carol. "Beyond the public hearing: Citizen participation in the local government budget process." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 14.2 (2002): 273.
• Ebdon, Carol, and Aimee Franklin. "Searching for a Role for Citizens in the Budget Process." Public Budgeting & Finance 24.1 (2004): 32-49.
• Ebdon, Carol, and Aimee L. Franklin. "Citizen participation in budgeting theory." Public Administration Review 66.3 (2006): 437-447.
• Executive Office of Health and Human Services (EOHHS), Commonwealth of Massachusetts. August 2013. Special Commission on Rural Access and Improving State-sponsored Services in Massachusetts Rural Communities, Rural Access Commission Report. http://www.mass.gov/eohhs/docs/eohhs/rural-services-commission-report.pdf.
• GFOA. 2005, March 2005. Government Finance Officers Association - GFOA Best Practice: Establishment of Strategic Plans. Approved by the GFOA’s Executive Board, March, 2005. Chicago, IL.
• GFOA. 2007. Budgeting for Results and Outcomes. Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA).
• GFOA. 2008. GLOA Best Practice: Long-Term Financial Planning. Chicago, IL.
• GFOA. 2009. Recommended Practice: Budgeting for Results and Outcomes (2009) (BUDGET). Chicago, IL.
• GFOA. 2009. GFOA Best Practice: Public Participation in Planning, Budgeting, and Performance Management. Approved by the GFOA’s Executive Board, February 2009. Chicago, IL. http://www.gfoa.org/print/450.
• GFOA. 2011. Best Practice: Performance Management. Chicago, IL.
• GFOA. 2014. Best Practice: Effective Presentation of the Budget Document (1996, 2014) (BUDGET). Chicago, IL.
• GFOA. 2014. GFOA Detailed Criteria Location Guide: Distinguished Budget Presentation Awards Program (Questionnaire). http://www.gfoa.org/budgetaward.
• GFOA. 2015. GFOA Best Practice Adopting Financial Policies. GFOA Budget Committee: (2001, 2015). Chicago, IL.
• GFOA. 2015. Distinguished Budget Presentation Awards Program. GFOA Distinguished Budget Presentation Awards Program (Budget Awards Program) & Awards Criteria (and explanation of the criteria). http://www.gfoa.org/budgetaward.
• GFOA. 2015, October 5, 2015 Best Practices and Effective Budget Presentation. GFOA Training On Best Practices, 105 pages. Phoenix, AZ
• GFOA. 2016. Downloaded August 29, 2016. [Generic] Distinguished Budget Presentation Award. To Recipient: Two Page Generic Budget Award Letter/Speech.
• Grabow, Steven H.; Hilliker, Mark; and Moskal, Joseph. 2006. Comprehensive Planning and Citizen Participation. University of Wisconsin-Extension. Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. Madison, WI.
• He, Jiaqing. July 2012. Public Participation in Municipal Budget Decision Process: City of Toronto’s 2011 Core Service Review. MPA Research Report Submitted to The Local Government Program, Department of Political Science, The University of Western Ontario.

• IAP2. 2000-2004. IAP2 Public Participation Toolbox. International Association of Public Participation. Louisville, CO.
• IAP2. 2014. IAP2's Public Participation Spectrum. International Association of Public Participation. Louisville, CO
• IAP2. 2015. Quality Assurance Standard: For Community Stakeholder Engagement. International Association of Public Participation. Wollongong, New South Wales (NSW), Australia.
• ICMA. May 2007. "Your Budget: from Axe to Aim". PM Magazine, Cover Story, May 2007, Volume 89, Number 4. ICMA Publications. Washington, DC.
• Innes, Judith E. & David E. Booher. November 2004. Reframing Public Participation: Strategies for the 21st Century. Planning Theory & Practice, Vol. 5, No. 4, 419–436, December 2004.
• Institute For Local Government. 2010. A Local Government Guide To Public Engagement In Budgeting. From the Collaborative Government Initiative (Public Engagement). www.ca-ilg.org. Sacramento, CA.
• Irvin, Ren�e A., and Stansbury, John. 2004. Citizen Participation in Decision Making: Is It Worth the Effort? Public Administration Review. 64(1): 55–65.
• Jordan, Meagan; Yusuf, Juita-Elena (Wie); Mayer, Martin; and Mahar, Kaitrin, "What Citizens Want to Know about their Government’s Finances: Closing the Information Gap" (2016). School of Public Service Faculty Publications. Paper 9. http://digitalcommons.odu.edu/publicservice_pubs/9
• Justice, Jonathan B., and Cumhur D�lger. "Fiscal transparency and authentic citizen participation in public budgeting: The role of third-party Intermediation." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 21.2 (2009): 254.
• League of Oregon Cities. Sept. 2006. Home Rule in Oregon Cities, 100 Years in the Making: 1906 – 2006. Salem, OR.
• League of Oregon Cities. "Budgeting Basics: Tools For The New City Councilor." Local Focus (Mar 2009). Salem, OR. http://www.orcities.org/Publications/LocalFocus.
• Mansfield, Claire & Beresford, Maia. 2014. Smart Budgeting Integrating Financial and Strategic Planning for Outcomes. New Local Government Network (NLGN). London, England.
• Mucha, Michael J. October 2012a. "Budgeting for Outcomes Key Findings from GFOA Research." Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA). Government Finance Review (pps. 45-46).
• Mucha, Michael J. December 2012b. "Budgeting for Outcomes Improving on a Best Practice." Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA). Government Finance Review (pps. 47-49).
• Municipal Research & Services Center of Washington (MRSCOW). February 1999. Local Government Policy-Making Process. State of Washington, Report No. 45. Seattle, WA.
• Murphy, Michael, Mayor. June 2011. Grants Pass Budget Process. City of Grants Pass. Grants Pass, OR.
• National Advisory Council on State and Local Budgeting (NACSLB). 1998. Recommended Budget Practices: A Framework for Improved State and Local Government Budgeting.
• National Performance Management Advisory Commission (including GFOA). 2010. A Performance Management Framework for State and Local Government: From Measurement and Reporting to Management and Improving. Chicago, IL.
• Neshkova, Milena I., and Hai David Guo. "Public participation and organizational performance: Evidence from state agencies. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 22.2 (2012): 267-288.
• OECD 2002. Working Definitions. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.
• Office of Citizen Involvement (OCI), Multnomah County, Oregon. February 1, 2016. County Budget Advisory Committees: Be Heard! Multnomah Cty Budget Advisory Committee Handbook 1-18-16.indd 1. Portland, OR. (Multnomah CO OCI 2016).
• Oregon Department of Revenue. November 2015. 2016–2017 Local Budget Law and Notice of Property Tax Notice of Property Tax. Forms and Instructions for Municipal Corporations. Salem, OR.
• Oregon Department of Revenue. 2014. The Budget Law Process. Flow Chart in Local Budget in Oregon. Salem, OR.
• Oregon Department of Revenue Finance, Taxation & Exemptions. 2016. Basic Local Budget Law 2016. DER workshop on local budget law. Salem, OR.
• Orosz, Janet Foley. 2002. Views from the Field: Creating a Place for Authentic Citizen Participation in Budgeting. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management 14(3): 423-44.
• Osborne, David. March 2010. The Next California Budget: Buying Results Citizens Want at a Price They Are Willing to Pay. Reason Foundation.
• Parrado, S., Ryzin, G. G., Bovaird, T., & L�ffler, E. (2013). Correlates of Co-production: Evidence From a Five-Nation Survey of Citizens. International Public Management Journal, 16(1), 85-112.
• Peterson, Nicole. 2012. Public Participation In Community And Regional Planning. Planning, Public Policy and Management Department, University of Oregon. Eugene, OR.
• Sale, David; Susan Safford, and Sandra Davis. 2005. Measuring the Success Of Public Involvement. Presented to October 2005 International Association for Public Participation (IAP2) conference in Portland, Oregon. Portland, OR.
• Scott, Andrew, Director, City Budget Office. 2016. Budget Manual City of Portland, Oregon Fiscal Year 2016-17. https://www.portlandoregon.gov/cbo/article/510022. City of Portland. Portland, OR.
• Seal Rock Water District. April 2016. Seal Rock Water District 2016-2017 Proposed Budget. Seal Rock, OR.
• Soojin Kim and Yugou Liao. September 21, 2012 PPMRN Conference. Prospects of Research on Citizen Participation in Local Budget Process: A Meta-Analysis. Rutgers University, School of Public Affairs. Newark, ??
• Sorenson Impact Center & School of Business, University of Utah. April 8, 2016. Budgeting for Outcomes: Accomplish Your Goals Utah League of Cities and Towns Spring Conference. Salt Lake City, UT.

• Stein, Beverly October 2007 "Budgeting for Outcomes, The Right Results for the Right Price." Government Finance Review, pps. 58-60. Public Strategies Group.
• Stephens, John B. June 2011. Creating Effective Citizen Participation in Local Government Budgeting: Practical Tips and Examples for Elected Officials and Budget Administrators. Public Management Bulletin No. 6, School of Government, The University of North Carolina. Chapel Hill, NC.
• Tanaka, Susan. 2007. Engaging the Public in National Budgeting: A Non-Governmental Perspective. ISSN 1608-7143, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Journal on Budgeting, Volume 7 – No. 2.
• Tax Supervising and Conservation Commission (TSCC). December 2008. Budget Manual for Local Governments in Multnomah County. Portland, OR. https://multco.us/file/28042/download.
• University of Kansas. May 11, 2012. Citizen Engagement: Analysis of Johnson County Budget Simulator. Lawrence, KS.
• Walker, Mike; Whalen, Jon, Members of Hugo Justice System & Public Safety Services Exploratory Committee. August 2016. Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process. Hugo Neighborhood Association & Historical Society (HNA&HS). Hugo, OR.
• Walker, Mike & Jon Whalen. August 2016. Chapter V: Elements And Components Of Citizen Participation In Budgeting Process, Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process. For Hugo Justice System & Public Safety Services Exploratory Committee, Hugo Neighborhood Association & Historical Society. Hugo, OR.
• Walker, Mike & Jon Whalen. August 2016. Appendices: Citizen Participation In The Josephine County Budget Process. For Hugo Justice System & Public Safety Services Exploratory Committee, Hugo Neighborhood Association & Historical Society. Hugo, OR.
• Webber, David. 2004. Managing the Public’s Money: From Outputs to Outcomes – and Beyond. ISSN 1608-7143, OECD Journal on Budgeting – Volume 4 – No. 2.
• Westheimer, Joel, University of Ottawa; Kahne, Joseph, Mills College. Summer 2004. "What Kind of Citizen? The Politics of Educating For Democracy." American Educational Research Journal. Volume 41 No. 2.
• Williams, B. N., Kang, S., & Johnson, J. (2015). (Co)-Contamination as the Dark Side of Co-Production: Public value failures in co-production processes. Public Management Review, 18(5), 692-717.
• Williams, Lisa Marie. 2012. A Better Budget for a Better City: Ideas for a health budget process in Toronto. Wellesley Institute.
• Zhang, Yahong, and Yang, Kaifeng. Summer 2009. "Citizen Participation in the Budget Process: The Effect of City Managers." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 21 (2), 289-317.

B. References Lists

Davis: Why Is Josephine County A Crucial Case In Group Engagement Theory?
• Davis, Nathan. Presented June 10, 2016, Commencement June 11, 2016. Citizen Perceptions of Public Safety Levies in Josephine County, Oregon: A Test of Group Engagement Theory. Masters of Public Policy (MPP) Essay, Submitted to Oregon State University In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Public Policy. Corvallis, OR.

Ebdon: Citizen Participation in Budgeting Theory
• Ebdon, Carol, and Aimee L. Franklin. "Citizen participation in budgeting theory." Public Administration Review 66.3 (2006): 437-447.

Justice: Fiscal Transparency and Authentic Citizen Participation in Public Budgeting: the Role of Third-party Intermediation
• Justice, Jonathan B., and Cumhur D�lger. "Fiscal transparency and authentic citizen participation in public budgeting: The role of third-party Intermediation." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 21.2 (2009): 254.

MRSC of Washington: Local Government Policy-Making Process
• Municipal Research & Services Center (MRSC) of Washington. February 1999. Local Government Policy-Making Process. State of Washington, Report No. 45. Seattle, WA.

Peterson: Public Participation In Community And Regional Planning
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• Scott, Andrew, Director, City Budget Office. 2016. Budget Manual City of Portland, Oregon Fiscal Year 2016-17. City of Portland. Portland, OR.

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TSCC: Budget Manual for Local Governments in Multnomah County, Oregon